The 20 Best Foods for People with Kidney Disease
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| The 20 Best Foods for People with Kidney Disease |
Kidney problems are a widespread condition that affects around 10 percent worldwide (1).
The kidneys are tiny but powerful organs in the shape of a bean that play various important roles.
They are responsible for removing waste products and releasing hormones to manage blood pressure. They also balance the fluids within the body, generate urine, and perform many other vital tasks.
There are a variety of ways that these vital organs may be damaged.
High blood pressure and diabetes are the most frequent risk causes of kidney disease. However, smoking, obesity and genetics, gender, and age may also increase your risk (3Trusted source).
Blood sugar levels that are not controlled and high blood pressure damage the kidney blood vessels and reduce their ability to function properly (4Trusted source).
When kidneys don't function correctly, waste accumulates in the blood, which includes the waste products of food (5Trusted Source).
It is therefore essential for those suffering from kidney disease to adhere to a particular diet.
The diet and kidney disease
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| The 20 Best Foods for People with Kidney Disease |
The restrictions on diet vary based on the severity in kidney disease.
For instance, those who are in the beginning phases of the disease may have different restrictions than people with kidney failure, which is also known by the term end-stage renal disorder (ESRD) (6Trusted Source, 7Trusted Source).
If you suffer from kidney disease Your health care professional will recommend the most appropriate diet for you.
For those with chronic kidney diseases, it's essential to adhere to a kidney-friendly diet that reduces levels of waste present in the blood.
The diet is commonly called the renal diet.
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| The 20 Best Foods for People with Kidney Disease |
It improves kidney function and prevents further harm (8Trusted Source).
While the restrictions on diets differ, it's generally advised that people suffering from kidney disease limit the following foods:
Sodium. It is found in a wide variety of food items
and a key component of table salt. Damaged kidneys can't filter out
excessive sodium, which causes its blood levels to increase. It is often suggested to
Limit sodium intake to lower than 2,000 mg daily (9Trusted Sourceand 10Trusted Source).).
Potassium. Potassium plays a variety of critical roles.
functions in the body roles in the body. However, those with kidney disease must reduce potassium levels
to prevent excessively high blood pressure. It is generally recommended to reduce
potassium levels to less than 2,000 mg daily (11Trusted Source 12).
Phosphorus. Damaged kidneys can't
Remove excess phosphorus, an element found in many food items. A high concentration can cause
harm to the body as a result, so the intake of phosphorus in food is not allowed to exceed
800-1,000 mg daily in the majority of patients (13 14Trusted Source).
Protein is a different nutrient those suffering from kidney disease might require to restrict, as damaged kidneys are unable to eliminate the waste products that accumulate in protein metabolism.
However, patients who suffer from end-stage renal disease and are undergoing dialysis, a procedure that cleanses and filters the blood has higher protein requirements (15Trusted Source 16Trusted Source).
Every person suffering from kidney disease is unique and that's why it's crucial to talk to your physician about your unique dietary requirements.
Luckily, plenty of delicious and healthy choices are free of phosphorus, potassium, and sodium.
Below are the 20 top foods for people suffering from kidney disease.
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| The 20 Best Foods for People with Kidney Disease |
1. Cauliflower
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| The 20 Best Foods for People with Kidney Disease |
Cauliflower is an incredibly nutritious vegetable that's an excellent source of numerous nutrients, including Vitamin C and vitamin K as well as folate, the B vitamin.
It's also loaded with anti-inflammatory substances like indoles, and is a good sources of fibre (17Trusted Source).
In addition, cauliflower mashed can be substituted for potatoes to make a low-potassium side dish.
A cup (124 grams) of cooked cauliflower is comprised of (18Trusted Original):
sodium 19 mg
potassium in the amount is 176 mg
40 mg of phosphorus
2. Blueberries
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| The 20 Best Foods for People with Kidney Disease |
Blueberries are loaded with nutrients and are among the richest sources of antioxidants that you can consume (19Trusted From).
Particularly these berries are rich in antioxidants known as anthocyanins. They can help protect against heart disease as well as certain cancers, cognitive decline, as well as diabetics (20).
They are also a great supplement to a diet that is kidney-friendly because they are low in sodium, phosphorus and potassium.
1 cup (148 grams) of blueberries that are fresh has (21Trusted Original):
sodium 1.5 mg
potassium in 112 mg
Phosphorus: 18 mg
3. Sea bass
Sea bass can be described as a premium quality protein with a lot of healthy fats known as omega-3s.
Omega-3s can reduce inflammation and can aid in reducing the chance of depression, cognitive decline as well as anxiety (22Trusted Source 23Trusted Source Source, 24Trusted Source).
Although all fish are high in phosphorus, the sea bass is lower in phosphorus that other types of seafood.
However, it's essential to eat small amounts of food to ensure that your levels of phosphorus are within a certain range.
Three three ounces (85 grams) of sea bass cooked are packed with (25Trusted The Source):
sodium in sodium: 74 mg
potassium 279 mg
Phosphorus in 21 mg
4. Red grapes
Red grapes aren't just delicious , they also pack an abundance of nutrition in a compact package.
They're also high in vitamin C, and they're also rich in antioxidants known as flavonoids, that have been proven to decrease swelling (26Trusted Source).
Furthermore red grapes are also rich in resveratrol. It is a kind of flavonoid demonstrated to boost heart health and help prevent cognitive decline and diabetes (27Trusted Source 28Trusted
The sweet fruits are kidney-friendly and contain half a cup (75 grams) of (29Trusted sources):
sodium 1.5 mg
potassium is at 144 mg
Phosphorus: 15 mg
5. Egg whites
Although egg yolks are nutritious, they also contain large quantities of phosphorus. This makes egg whites an ideal choice for those on an a renal diet.
Egg whites are a top quality, kidney-friendly source protein.
Additionally, they're a great option for those undergoing dialysis treatment, who have high protein requirements but also must limit their phosphorus intake.
The egg's whites are large and weigh 66g. (66 grams) are packed with (30Trusted Source
sodium in the form of 110 mg
potassium is the amount is 108 mg
10 mg of phosphorus
6. Garlic
Patients with kidney issues are advised to reduce the sodium content in their diet, which includes added salt.
Garlic is a wonderful alternative to salt that adds flavor to meals and also providing health benefits.
It's an excellent food source for manganese and vitamin C and vitamin B6 as well as sulfur compounds that possess anti-inflammatory properties.
3 cloves (9 grams) of garlic are packed with (31Trusted source):
sodium 1.5 mg
potassium 36 mg
Phosphorus: 14 mg
7. Buckwheat
A lot of whole grains are known to be rich in phosphorus. Buckwheat is an exception to the rule.
Buckwheat is a very nutritious food It is a great source of B vitamins as well as iron, magnesium and fiber.
It's also a grain that is gluten-free which makes buckwheat an excellent option for those suffering from gluten intolerance or celiac disease.
Half a cup (84 grams) of cooked buckwheat has (32Trusted source):
salt: 3.5 mg
potassium is 75 mg
phosphorus: 60 mg
8. Olive oil
The olive oil in the Mediterranean is a nutritious source of fat as well as phosphorus-free which makes it an excellent alternative for those suffering from kidney disease.
Many times, people suffering from advanced kidney diseases have difficulty losing weight, which makes healthy, high-calorie, and nutritious food items like olive oil crucial.
The majority of fats present in olive oils is monounsaturated fatty acid called Oleic acid, which is known to have an anti-inflammatory effect (34Trusted source).
Additionally the monounsaturated fats stay resistant to high temperatures, which makes olive oil a great choice to cook with.
A teaspoon (13.5 grams) of olive oil is a source of (35Trusted source):
salt: 0.3 mg
potassium: 0.1 mg
phosphorus 0.01 mg
9. Bulgur
Bulgur is an all-grain wheat product that is a fantastic kidney-friendly substitute for other whole grains, which are high in potassium and phosphorus.
This nutritious grain is an excellent food source for B vitamins as well as iron, magnesium and manganese.
It's also a good source of protein from plants and is rich in diet fiber, which is essential for healthy digestion.
Half-cup (91-gram) amount of bulgur has (36Trusted source):
salt: 4.5 mg
potassium in the amount is 62 mg
The phosphorus content is 36 mg
10. Cabbage
Cabbage is a member of the Cruciferous vegetables family and is rich in minerals, vitamins, and powerful plant compounds.
It's a fantastic supply of vitamin K, vitamin D as well as many B vitamins.
Additionally, it contains insoluble fiber, a form of fiber that helps keep your digestive system in good shape by encouraging regular bowel movements as well as increasing the volume of the stool (37Trusted Source).
In addition, it's low in potassium, phosphorus and sodium. One cup (70 grams) of cabbage shredded contains (38Trusted source):
sodium 13 mg
Potassium: 119 mg
Phosphorus: 18 mg
11. Skinless chicken
While a small amount of protein is required for those who suffer from kidney issues giving the body sufficient amounts of protein of high-quality is essential to maintain health.
Skinless chicken breasts have less potassium, phosphorus, and sodium than skin-on chicken.
When buying chicken, opt for fresh and fresh-cooked chicken. Do not buy the pre-made chicken roasted in the store, as it is a major source in phosphorus and sodium.
Three three ounces (84 grams) of chicken breasts with skinless is packed with (39Trusted source):
sodium salt: the amount is 63 mg
potassium in 221 mg
The phosphorus content is 219 mg
12. Bell peppers
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| The 20 Best Foods for People with Kidney Disease |
Bell peppers are packed with an impressive amount of nutrients . However, they are deficient in potassium unlike other vegetables.
These vibrantly colored peppers are packed with powerful antioxidant vitamin C.
In reality, a small Red bell pepper (74 grams) provides 105 percent of the daily recommended amount of vitamin C.
They also contain vitamin A, a vital nutritional component of immune function that is typically impaired in kidney diseases (40).
A small amount of green pepper (74 grams) has (41Trusted Original):
sodium 3 mg
potassium is the amount is 156 mg
The phosphorus content is 19 mg
13. Onions
Onions are great for providing the flavor of renal diet dishes without sodium.
Reduced salt consumption isn't easy, so choosing salt that tastes good necessary.
Sautéing onions with olive oil and garlic adds flavour to your dishes but does not harm the health of your kidneys.
In addition onions are also rich in manganese, vitamin C B vitamins, manganese, and C vitamins. They also contain prebiotic fibers to aid in keeping your digestive system well by providing healthy gut bacteria (42Trusted source).
A small amount of onion (70 grams) has (43Trusted source):
sodium 3 mg
potassium in 102.5 mg
Phosphorus: 20 mg
14. Arugula
A variety of healthy greens such as Kale and spinach are very high in potassium, making them difficult to incorporate into the renal diet.
But, arugula is a nutritious green that is very low in potassium, which makes it an ideal option for kidney-friendly salads and other side dishes.
Arugula is a rich supply of Vitamin K as well as the minerals manganese and calcium both of which are vital for bone health.
This green is also rich in the nitrates that have been proven to reduce blood pressure, a crucial benefit for people suffering from renal disease (44Trusted source).
A cup (20 grams) of raw arugula is comprised of (45Trusted source):
sodium 6 mg
potassium is 774 mg
The phosphorus content is 10 mg
15. Macadamia nuts
The majority of nuts are rich in phosphorus. They aren't suggested for people who are following the renal diet.
Macadamia nuts, however, are an excellent choice for people suffering from kidney problems. They're much lower in phosphorus than the more popular nuts such as almonds and peanuts.
They also have healthy fats B vitamins as well as copper, magnesium manganese, iron and.
One one ounce (28 grams) of macadamia nuts has (46Trusted source):
salt: 1.4 mg
potassium in the amount is 103 mg
The phosphorus content is 53 mg
16. Radish
Radishes are a crunchy vegetable which are a nutritious addition to the diet of a kidney.
This is due to the fact that they are extremely low in phosphorus and potassium however, they are high in other essential nutrients.
Radishes are an excellent food source for vitamin C, an antioxidant which has been proven to reduce the risk of developing heart diseases and cataracts (47Trusted Source, 48Trusted Source, 48Trusted Source).
Furthermore, their peppery flavor is a delicious addition to low sodium meals.
Half a cup (58 grams) of radishes cut into slices includes (49Trusted The Source):
sodium 23 mg
potassium 135 mg
The phosphorus content is 12 mg
17. Turnips
Turnips are kidney-friendly and can be an perfect replacements for other veggies with higher levels of potassium such as winter squash.
The root vegetables are loaded with Vitamin C and fiber. They also are an excellent source of manganese and vitamin B6.
They can be baked or cooked and mashed to make an energizing food that is suitable in the renal diet.
One half-cup (78 grams) of turnips cooked contains (50Trusted source):
sodium: 12.5 mg
potassium is 38 mg
Phosphorus: 20 mg
18. Pineapple
A variety of tropical fruits, including bananas, oranges and kiwis are rich in potassium.
Fortunately, pineapple can be an excellent, delicious, low potassium substitute for people suffering from kidney problems.
Additionally, pineapple is rich in manganese, fiber as well as vitamin C and bromelain. It is an enzyme that assists in reducing the inflammation (51Trusted Source).
1 cup (165 grams) of pineapple chunks has (52Trusted source):
sodium 2 mg
potassium 180 mg
Phosphorus: 13 mg
How to Cut a Pineapple
19. Cranberries
Cranberries can benefit kidneys and the urinary tract.
The tiny, tart fruit have phytonutrients, called A-type proanthocyanidins. These stop bacteria from adhering to the liner of the urinary tract and bladder, thereby preventing infections (53 53Trusted Source, 54Trusted Source).
This can be beneficial for people who suffer from kidney disease, since they are at a higher chance of developing Urinary tract infections (55).
They can be eaten fresh, dried fresh, cooked or in juice. They are extremely low in phosphorus, potassium and sodium.
A cup (100 grams) of cranberries that are fresh contains (56Trusted source):
sodium 2 mg
potassium 80 mg
The phosphorus content is 11 mg
20. Shiitake mushrooms
Shiitake mushrooms are a delicious product that could be utilized to substitute meat using plants for people living on a renal diet that require a lower protein intake.
They are a great resource of B vitamins manganese, copper, and selenium.
They also provide plenty of protein from plants as well as dietary fiber.
Shiitake mushrooms have less potassium than white and portobello button mushrooms, which makes them an ideal option for people who are taking a renal diet (57Trusted Source, the 58Trusted Source).
1 cup (145 grams) of cooked shiitake mushrooms is packed with (59Trusted source):
sodium 6 mg
potassium 170 mg
Phosphorus: 42 mg
The most important thing is the bottom line
The foods listed above that are kidney-friendly are great choices for people taking a renal diet.
Be sure to discuss your eating habits with your doctor to ensure you are eating the right diet that is appropriate for your needs.
Dietary restrictions differ based on the nature and extent of kidney damage and also the medical interventions that are in place, such as medication or dialysis treatments.
Although a diet for renal health may feel limiting at times however, there are many delicious dishes that are suitable for the healthy, balanced diet that is kidney-friendly.
LetsGetChecked
The last medically reviewed visit was on the 18th of November, 2019
Authored by Jillian Kubala, MS, RD on 18 November 2019 - Medically evaluated and interpreted by Atli Arnarson BSc PhD
NUTRITION
17 Foods to Avoid or Limit If You Have Bad Kidneys
Your kidneys are organs with a shape like a bean that play a number of vital roles.
They're responsible for filtering blood, eliminating waste through urine, making hormones that balance minerals and ensuring the balance of fluids.
There are a variety of kidney diseases that are a risk factor. Most common are uncontrolled hypertension and diabetes.
Heart disease, alcoholism Hepatitis C and HIV are also the causes for kidney diseases (1Trusted source).
If the kidneys are damaged and fail to function correctly, fluids can build within the body, and waste may accumulate in blood.
But, limiting or eliminating certain foods you consume could help in reducing the accumulation of waste materials in the blood, boost kidney function, and help prevent further harm (2Trusted source).
The diet and kidney disease
The restrictions on diet vary based what stage kidney diseases are in.
For instance, those who are in the initial phases of chronic kidney disease have different restrictions on their diet in comparison to people with end-stage renal disease and kidney damage.
Patients with end-stage kidney disease that requires dialysis also have different diet restrictions. Dialysis is a treatment that removes excess water and eliminates waste.
A majority of people suffering from the end or late stage of kidney disease need to adhere to a diet that is kidney-friendly in order to avoid the accumulation of specific chemicals or nutrients in blood.
For those suffering from chronic kidney condition, the kidneys aren't able to efficiently remove excess sodium potassium or phosphorus. This puts them more likely to suffer from increased levels of these minerals in the blood.
A kidney-friendly diet, also called a the renal diet, typically reduces sodium to less than 2,300 mg daily, and also the amount of potassium and phosphorus you consume.
The latest Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) guidelines don't include the exact limits for potassium or the phosphorus (3).
Potassium and phosphorus remain important for people suffering from kidney disease, however they should consult with their physician or dietitian to determine their personal requirements for these nutrients. These limits are typically based on lab results.
Kidneys that are damaged may struggle to remove the protein-related waste products that are produced by metabolism. Thus, those suffering from chronic kidney disease at all stages, particularly the stages 3-5, should reduce amounts of protein they consume in their diets, unless they're taking dialysis (3 4Trusted Source).
However, patients with end-stage renal disease who undergo dialysis will have an increased need for protein (5Trusted Source).
Here are 17 things are best avoided during a renal diet.
1. Dark-colored soda
Alongside the sugar and calories that sodas supply, they contain the addition of phosphorus-based additives particularly dark-colored sodas.
A lot of beverage and food manufacturers use phosphorus to improve flavor, extend shelf life and also prevent discoloration.
The body absorbs this extra phosphorus in a higher degree than the natural, animal-based or plants-based phosphorus (6Trusted Source).
In contrast to natural phosphorus, it is found in additives does not bind to proteins. Instead, it's in the form of salt , and easily absorbed through the digestive tract (7Trusted Source).
Additive phosphorus is typically included in the ingredient list. Food manufacturers do not have to include an exact quantity of added phosphorus in the label for their food.
Although the amount of additive phosphorus differs based on the kind of soda, the majority of dark-colored sodas contain between 50 and 100 mg per 200-mL portion (8Trusted source).
Based on the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) food database, a 12-ounce bottle of cola is a good source of 33.5 milligrams of phosphorus (9Trusted Source).
Therefore the sodas, in particular those with a dark color, are not recommended on the renal diet.
SUMMARY
Dark-colored sodas are not recommended during a diet for renal function, because they contain phosphorus in its additive form which is very absorption-friendly by the body.
2. Avocados
Avocados are frequently praised for their numerous health benefits that include heart-healthy fats, fiber as well as antioxidants.
Although avocados are generally beneficial to your diet, people suffering from kidney problems may want to steer clear of them.
This is due to avocados being an extremely rich source of potassium. One avocado of average size provides more than six90 milligrams of potassium (10Trusted Source).
In reducing the size of the avocado to one-fourth the size of an avocado, those suffering from kidney diseases can include avocados in their diets , but they should limit potassium, in the event of.
Avocados, such as guacamole, should be avoided or limited in a diet for renal health when you've been advised to be mindful of your potassium intake. Be aware that each person has different requirements, and your general diet and goals for health should be the main things to take into consideration.
SUMMARY
You should avoid avocados when as part of a renal diet, If your physician or nutritionist has recommended lowering the amount of potassium you consume.
3. Foods in cans
Canned food items such as soups or vegetables, as well as beans are frequently purchased due to their low price and their convenience.
However, the majority of canned food items have high levels of sodium because salt is used as a preservative in order to extend the shelf-life of food items (11Trusted source).
Because of the quantity of sodium in canned foods It is often suggested to those suffering from kidney disease cut down or reduce their consumption of canned goods.
Selecting lower sodium versions or those that state "no salt added" is usually the best option.
Furthermore, draining and washing canned food items, like tuna and beans in cans will reduce the sodium content by 33 to 80 percent, depending on the type of product (12Trusted Source).
SUMMARY
Canned foods are usually packed with sodium. Limiting or avoiding purchasing low sodium products is the best way to cut down on the total amount of sodium consumed.
4. Whole wheat bread
The choice of the right bread can be a challenge for people suffering from kidney disease.
For healthy people whole wheat bread is typically preferred over refined white flour bread.
Whole wheat bread is an option that is more nutritious because of its higher levels of fiber. White bread is typically advised over whole wheat breads for those suffering from kidney disease.
It is due to the phosphorus and potassium amount. The greater the amount of bran and whole grains that are present in it, the greater the potassium and phosphorus content.
For instance, a one-ounce (30-gram) portion from whole-wheat bread is packed with around 57% phosphorus and 70 mg potassium. Contrastingly white bread only contains 28 mg of both phosphorus as well as potassium (13Trusted Source, 14Trusted Source).
A piece of bread made from whole wheat instead two slices will help reduce the amount of potassium and phosphorus you consume without the need to stop eating whole wheat bread altogether.
It is important to note that bread and bread-related products, no matter if they're whole or white wheat also contain significant levels of sodium (15Trusted Source).
It's a good idea to look at the nutritional labels on different bread varieties, then select one with less sodium when possible, and be aware of your portions.
SUMMARY
White bread is usually preferred in place of whole-wheat bread in renal diets because of its lower potassium and phosphorus levels. Breads are all laced with sodium, which is why it's important to check the labels on food products and select a less sodium bread.
5. Brown rice
Similar to whole wheat bread brown rice also is full grain that is higher in potassium and phosphorus levels than white rice.
One cup of cooked brown rice has 150 mg of Phosphorus as well as the potassium content is 154 mg, and one cup of white rice cooked is only 69 mg the mineral phosphorus, as well as 54 mg potassium (16 17).
You might be able to incorporate brown rice into the renal diet however, only if the amount is carefully controlled in a balanced manner with the other food items to limit an excessive daily intake of phosphorus and potassium.
Bulgur, buckwheat and pearled barley and couscous are all nutritious low phosphorus grains that could be a suitable alternative to brown rice.
SUMMARY
Brown rice is high amount of potassium and phosphorus and may require portion control or restricted in the renal diet. White rice and bulgur, buckwheat and couscous are good alternatives.
6. Bananas
Bananas are renowned for their potassium content.
Although they're naturally devoid of sodium, one medium banana has 422 mg potassium (18).
If you've been advised to reduce your intake of potassium It may be difficult to follow through in the case of a fruit that is a everyday essential.
Unfortunately some other tropical fruits contain high levels of potassium, too.
However, they contain significantly lesser potassium levels than many other tropical fruit and could be a better and delicious substitute (19).
SUMMARY
Bananas are a good in potassium and might be restricted on the renal diet. Pineapple is a fruit that is kidney-friendly because it has lower levels of potassium than many other tropical fruit.
7. Dairy
Dairy products are a rich source of diverse vitamins and nutrients.
They're also a good source of potassium and phosphorus and are a great food source for protein.
For instance, 1 cup (240 milliliters) of whole milk contains the equivalent of 222 mg of phosphorus as well as 349 mg potassium (20).
However, eating excessive amounts of dairy in along with other phosphorus-rich food items could be harmful to bone health for those suffering from kidney disease.
This might sound odd this is because dairy and milk are frequently advised for bone strength and good muscle health.
But, if kidneys are damaged excessive consumption of phosphorus can result in a build-up of phosphorus in bloodstream, which could remove calcium away from bones. The result is that your bones become fragile and weak with time and increase the chance of breaking your bone or breaking (21Trusted source).
Dairy-based products can be rich in protein. One cup (240 milliliters) of whole milk contains approximately eight grams of proteins (20).
It is important to restrict dairy consumption to prevent the accumulation of protein in the blood.
Dairy alternatives like rice milk or almond milk are significantly less enriched in potassium and phosphorus as well as the protein content than cow's milk. This makes them a great alternative to milk if you are eating the renal diet.
SUMMARY
Dairy products have high levels of potassium, phosphorus and protein , and should be avoided in a diet for renal health. Despite the high calcium content of milk however, its phosphorus content could weaken bones for those suffering from kidney disease.
8. Orange juice and oranges
Although oranges and orange juice are perhaps most well recognized due to their vitamin C content, they're also great in potassium.
A large amount of Orange (184 grams) offers the equivalent of 333 mg potassium. Additionally there are 473 mg potassium in 1 cup (240 milliliters) of juice from oranges (22 23, 23).
Because of their potassium content citrus fruits and juices should be avoided or restricted in a renal diet.
Apples, grapes and cranberries, and their juices, can be alternatives to citrus fruits and juice because they are lower in concentrations of potassium.
SUMMARY
Oranges and orange juices contain potassium, and should be restricted in the renal diet. Try apples, grapes or cranberries as well as the juices of these fruits instead.
9. Processed meats
Processed meats have been linked to chronic illnesses and are usually deemed to be unsafe because of their preservative content (24Trusted Source 25Trusted Source, 24Trusted Source, 25Trusted Source).
Processed meats are those that are salted, dried and cured or canned.
A few examples are bacon, hot dogs, pepperoni, jerky, as well as sausage.
Processed meats usually contain huge amounts of salt, usually to enhance their flavor and to preserve their the flavor.
It could be difficult to maintain you daily intake of sodium at under 2,300 mg when processed meats are a regular part of your diet.
Furthermore processed meats are rich in protein.
If you've been advised to keep track of your protein intake It is important to avoid processed meats to avoid this also.
SUMMARY
Processed meats are rich in protein and salt, and should be eaten in moderation when following an ed diet.
10. Olives, pickles, and relish
The pickles of olives processed and relish are just a few examples of pickled or cured foods.
Usually, large quantities of salt are used during the curing process or the pickling process.
As an example, one spear of pickle can have over 300 milligrams sodium. Additionally, there are 244 mg of sodium contained in two tablespoons sweet relish (26 27 and 26).
Processed olives are also known to be salty since they are cured and then fermented to be less bitter. Five olives that are green in pickle contain 200 mg of sodium which is an enormous portion of your daily intake for a very small portion (28).
A lot of grocery stores carry reduced sodium varieties of olives, pickles and relish. They have less sodium than traditional varieties.
However, even sodium-free choices can be very packed with sodium which is why you should be aware of your intake.
SUMMARY
Pickles, processed olives and relish are all high in sodium, and should be avoided when eating a renal diet.
11. Apricots
Apricots are high in Vitamin C and vitamin A and fiber.
They're also rich in potassium. A cup of fresh Apricots contains the equivalent of 427 milligrams potassium (29).
Additionally it is higher in dried Apricots.
A cup of dried Apricots contains more than 1,500 mg of potassium (30).
That means that just one cup of dried apricots will provide seventy percent 2,000 mg low potassium limit.
It is best to avoid Apricots, especially dried apricots when you are when you are on a renal diet.
SUMMARY
Apricots are a potent potassium food that should not be consumed in a diet for renal health. They provide more than 400 mg in one cup of raw, and more than 1500 mg for 1 cup dried.
12. Sweet potatoes and potatoes
Sweet potatoes and potato are high in potassium.
One moderately-sized potato baked (156 grams) has 610 mg of potassium, while an average-sized baked sweet potato (114 grams) includes 541 mg potassium (31 32).
Fortunately, some potassium-rich foods, like sweet potatoes and potatoes can be leached or soaked to lower their potassium content.
Cutting potatoes into smaller thin pieces, then boil them in water for at minimum 10 minutes may decrease the amount of potassium in the food by around 50 percent (33Trusted source).
Potatoes that have been immersed with water for at least four hours prior to cooking have been found to have a much lower amount of potassium than those that are not soaked prior to making them (34Trusted sources).
This technique is referred to as potassium leaching, also known as the double-cook technique.
While double cooking potatoes reduces the amount of potassium in them however, it's crucial to remember that the potassium content of potatoes isn't completely eliminated through this method.
Potassium can be found in large quantities and remain in potatoes that have been double cooked, so it is recommended to use portion control to ensure that potassium levels are in control.
SUMMARY
Sweet potatoes and potato are rich in potassium. Cooking potatoes in double or double boilers will reduce the potassium content by 50 percent.
13. Tomatoes
Tomatoes are a different high potassium food item that may not meet the requirements of renal diet.
They can be eaten in a stew or raw form and are frequently used in sauces.
One cup tomato sauce could be packed with 800 mg potassium (35).
Unfortunately for those following the renal food plan, tomatoes can be frequently utilized in a variety of recipes.
Selecting a sauce with a less potassium content is based on your personal taste. However, switching tomato sauce with roasted red pepper sauce could be equally tasty, and also provide lesser potassium for each portion.
SUMMARY
Tomatoes are yet another high potassium fruit that is best restricted on a diet for renal health.
14. Prepackaged, instant and ready-to-eat meals
Foods processed can be a major source of sodium intake.
Of these that are packaged, instant, and pre-made meals are the most processed and have the highest sodium content.
Some examples include microwaveable food, frozen pizza as well as instant noodles.
Maintaining a sodium intake of 2,300 mg/day can be difficult if you consume highly processed food items regularly.
Highly processed foods do not just have a high amount of sodium, but they also tend to do not contain enough the necessary nutrients (36Trusted Source).
SUMMARY
Food items that are packaged, instant and ready-to-eat meals are extremely processed foods that may contain massive amounts of sodium . They also lack nutrients. It is best to stay clear of these items in a diet that is renal.
15. Swiss greens, spinach, and beet greens
Swiss the chard, spinach and beet greens are all leafy greens that have high amounts of various nutrients as well as minerals, like potassium.
When served uncooked in a raw form, the quantity of potassium can range from 140 to 290 milligrams per cup (37 38, 39, 37).
Although leafy vegetables shrink into smaller portions when cooked, their potassium content is the same.
For example, a half-cup from raw spinach shrinks down to approximately 1 tablespoon after cooking. So, eating a half cup cooked cooked spinach would have an even higher percentage of potassium than a quarter cup of spinach that is raw.
Raw Swiss spinach, chard and beets greens are better to cooked spinach to prevent excessive potassium.
But be sure to limit the consumption of these food items, since they're also loaded with Oxalates. For those who are sensitive Oxalates can raise kidney stones' risk (40Trusted sources).
Kidney stones can further harm the kidney tissue and reduce its function.
SUMMARY
Leafy green vegetables such as Swiss greens, spinach, and beets greens are loaded with of potassium, particularly when cooked. While their serving sizes get smaller after cooking but their potassium content stays the same.
16. Dates as well as raisins and prunes
Dates and raisins as well as prunes are all common dried fruits.
When the fruits are dried and then hung to dry, their nutrients are concentrated including potassium.
For instance the equivalent of 1 cup of prunes has 1,274 mg of potassium which is 5 times more potassium in a cup of plums, the raw equivalent (41 42).
Furthermore, only 4 dates contain the equivalent of 668 milligrams potassium (43).
Due to the large concentration of potassium present in these dried fruit, it's recommended to avoid them while following a renal-friendly diet to ensure that your potassium levels are in good shape.
SUMMARY
The concentration of nutrients increases when fruits are dried. Thus, high levels of potassium are present in the dried fruits like dates, prunes and raisins, is very high and must be avoided in the renal diet.
17. Chips, pretzels crackers, and pretzels
Foods that can be eaten in a ready-to-eat format such as pretzel chips, crackers, and pretzels tend to be deficient in nutrients and are generally high in sodium.
It's also easy to overeat the recommended amount of these meals, frequently result in a greater intake of salt than was originally intended.
In addition If chips are made of potatoes, they'll have significant amounts of potassium, too.
SUMMARY
Chips, pretzels crackers, and pretzels can be consumed in large amounts and typically contain large quantities of salt. Furthermore, chips made from potatoes contain a significant amount of potassium.
The most important thing is the bottom line
If you suffer from kidney disease cutting down on potassium, phosphorus, or sodium intake could be essential to control the condition.
These high-sodium, potassium and high phosphorus food items listed above should be limited or avoid.
Limitations on food intake and nutrition guidelines will differ based on the degree of kidney damage.
A diet for renal health can appear daunting and restricted at times. But working with a healthcare expert and a renal dietitian will aid you in determining a diet tailored to your particular requirements.
The last medical review was on June 9, 2021.
Writer: Kaitlyn Berkheiser. Medically checked by Amy Richter, RD, Nutrition. Updated on June 9, 2021.
What Is Atrophic Kidney and How Is It Treated?
Symptoms
Causes
Treatment
Diet
Outlook
Prevention
What is an atrophic kidney?
Normal kidneys are around the size of one fist. Atrophic kidneys are ones that has been reduced into an unusual size, resulting in dysfunctional function. This is also referred to by the term renal atrophy.
It's not exactly the same as renal hypoplasia, which is a condition where the kidney becomes smaller due to birth and after the time of birth.
The kidneys are situated on both sides of the lower spine right under the ribcage. It is the left one that's generally smaller in comparison to the right. Left kidneys are situated just a bit higher and further away from it's heart area than its right. Both kidneys may suffer from atrophic fibrosis, but it might be more likely in the left one.
What are the symptoms and signs?
The kidneys are responsible for filtering out bloodborne waste and also remove extra water in the human body. They also play an important role in the control in blood pressure.
When you are in the initial phases of renal disease you may not be aware that something is amiss. It could take as long as 30-40 percent decrease in function for signs to show. As your kidneys get less capable of filtering the blood, you could be able to notice:
fluctuations in the frequency of the frequency of
darkening skin
Drool
Itching
Loss of appetite
Muscle cramps
nausea and vomiting
swelling of feet and hands
Other indications of atrophic kidney are:
acidosis
anorexia
high concentration of creatinine
Electrolyte imbalances
malnutrition
Your symptoms could be contingent on the cause of the damage to your kidneys.
What are the causes?
Kidney damage may occur abruptly for example, when the kidney has been severely damaged or is exposed to toxic substances.
Atrophic kidney could also be caused by or be related to another medical condition, like:
antiphospholipid syndrome
Infections, like tuberculosis
metabolic syndrome
The narrowing in the vessels (atherosclerosis)
A narrowing of the renal veins (atherosclerotic renal artery narrowing)
Obstruction of urinary tract
sickle cell disease
Cancer
The damage to the kidneys usually occurs over a prolonged time. This is due to inadequate blood flow into the kidneys.
You could be at a higher risk for kidney disease if you suffer from:
Diabetes
A family background of kidney disease in the family.
heart disease
High blood pressure (hypertension)
What is the treatment?
The majority of your treatment will be contingent on the cause of your atrophy. The treatment of the root cause may assist in preventing damage to the kidney.
Even having an atrophic kidney your kidneys could still function effectively enough to complete the task. If your kidneys are functioning less than 10 or 15 percent, you're likely to be in kidney failure. This means that you require treatment in order to perform the task of your kidneys.
One method to achieve this is via dialysis.
In hemodialysis your blood is pumped by an artificial kidney apparatus known as hemodialyzer which eliminates harmful substances. In the peritoneal dialysis process, a fluid known as dialysate is used to fill the abdomen of your patient to remove waste from your body via a peritoneal dialysis tube.
Dialysis assists in the tasks that your kidneys cannot accomplish. However, it's not an effective treatment. It's necessary to undergo dialysis at least once a week throughout your life, or until you receive the kidney transplant.
It is possible to receive an organ that is healthy from a deceased or living donor. The process of finding a kidney that is suitable can take years, however. Following an organ transplant, you'll be required to be on antirejection medications to prolong the life that the kidney.
Are there any special diets?
Atrophic kidney isn't reverseable or treated through diet. However, diet plays an important part in the treatment of kidney disease. Here are some kidney-healthy diet suggestions:
Reduce sodium intake
This will allow you to control the blood pressure. It is recommended that you follow the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease (NIDDK)Trusted Source suggests a diet with less than 2300 milligrams of sodium daily. Here are some suggestions to reduce sodium intake:
Make sure to choose fresh ingredients over packaged food items whenever you can.
If you are using canned food wash them before the cooking process or before serving.
When you shop, look at the label to determine the amount of sodium.
Opt to cook at home instead of eating out and fast food outlets.
If you are cooking, replace salt with other spices.
Pay attention to proteins
More protein you consume the more difficult your kidneys do their job. However, you will need protein. It can be obtained by eating animal products like:
chicken
dairy
eggs
Fish
meat
Portion size matters, too. A serving of fish, chicken, or meat should be between 2 and 3 inches. A serving of milk or yogurt is about half 1 cup. A slice of cheese is an amount.
Protein can also be obtained through grains, beans, and even nuts. A portion of cooked rice, beans noodles, or beans is half one cup. A serving of nuts is quarter of one cup. One slice of bread constitutes one portion.
Care for your heart
The heart-healthy diet helps prevent cholesterol from building up in your kidneys, blood vessels. Follow these tips to an improved heart-healthy diet
Avoid deep-fried food and opt for those which can be baked, grill, or roasted or stir-fried.
Make olive oil the cooking oil in place of butter.
Reduce trans and saturated fats as well as trans.
The best options include:
Fruits and vegetables and fruits
beans
low-fat yogurt or fat-free dairy, milk, and cheese
Fish
chickens that have had their skin removed
small cuts of meat that have the fat removed
If your kidney function is declining the doctor will give individual dietary recommendations. Kidney diseases can result in phosphorus accumulation in your blood. Therefore, it is possible that you will be advised to select foods that are low in the phosphorus. This includes:
fresh fruits and veggies
pasta, bread and rice
Rice- and corn-based cereals
Phosphorus is often added to the food items and deli meats that are packaged and fresh poultry and meat Be certain to read the labels.
Kidneys that are not functioning properly could result in a potassium buildup. The foods that have lower potassium levels are:
Apples and peaches
Green beans and carrots
white breadand white rice and pasta
Certain foods with higher levels of potassium are:
Oranges and bananas
beans and nuts
bran cereal
Wild and brown rice
dairy-based foods
potatoes, tomatoes
salt substitutes
Whole-wheat bread and pasta
Talk to your doctor about your diet. It could also be helpful to talk with the dietitian.
What are the chances?
You could live a longand healthy life with just one kidney in good health. You'll need to be aware of your diet and check in with your physician regularly.
In some instances chronic kidney disease may lead in kidney dysfunction. It's a serious concern when your kidneys function at a lower level than 25 percent.
For dialysis patients, the life expectancy for dialysis patients is between 5 and 10 years. However, some people might live to 30 years more.
The average length of a kidney transplant is 12 to 20 years if it comes it comes from a living donor, and up to 8-12 years if it comes from deceased donors.
Naturally, a lot is dependent on your age and other health issues. Your doctor will give you more information about the outlook you can expect depending on your individual circumstances.
Is it possible to prevent it?
Atrophic kidney isn't always avoided. However, there are steps you can take to ensure your kidneys as fit as is possible.
In the beginning, you must avoid the conditions that could harm your kidneys, like high blood pressure or diabetes. If you have already been diagnosed with this condition, you must work to keep it in good control.
Your diet should contain:
Fruits and vegetables and fruits
Whole grains
dairy products with low-fat or fat-free content
Reduce your consumption of
Highly processed or fried food items
sodium
sugar
alcohol
Here are some additional ideas:
Make sure you be active for minimum 30 minutes every day.
Maintain an appropriate weight.
Try to get between seven and eight hours of rest each at night.
Avoid smoking tobacco products.
Use the medication according to the instructions.
Check the levels of cholesterol.
Get urinary tract infections (UTIs) be treated as soon as is possible.
The last medically reviewed visit was on May 25, 2018.
9 sources collapsed
Medically evaluated and supervised by Stacy Sampson, D.O. -- Written by Ann Pietrangelo -- Updated on May 25, 2018
HEALTH NEWS
Vitamin B6 Supplements May Help Reduce Anxiety, Depression
Researchers suggest that daily intakes of vitamin B6 and in lesser amounts vitamin 12, may help decrease depression and anxiety.
Experts believe that the findings are significant but more research is required.
Plant-based foods that have high levels of vitamin B6 are spinach, potatoes, and bananas.
Meat-based food items with high levels of vitamin B6 are turkey, chicken, beef and fish.
Vitamin B6 that is high in vitamin A can help to reduce self-reported symptoms of depression and anxiety.
According to a new study by the Trusted Source group of 478 adults released earlier today.
The study looked at the effects of taking high doses of B6 and vitamin B6 for one month on anxiety and depression. The vitamins were supplied by Innopure.
Researchers have concluded that vitamin B6 specifically is one of the most important nutrients for the proper functioning of mood regulation.
They found that vitamin B6 decreased anxiety levels in participants in the study as well as an increase in depression.
Vitamin B12 according to them has been linked to changes in depression and anxiety levels.
The study's authors acknowledged that it was not without limitations in terms of methodology and more research is needed.
What do experts have to say?
Amy Reed, MS, RD, CSP, LDS is a pediatric dietetic who is also the spokesperson for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
She said on Healthline it's thrilling to hear about research showing that the idea that a nutrient, like vitamin B6, which could be utilized together with other treatment options for anxiety and depression.
More research is justified, she concluded.
"Future studies may want to consider comparing different doses of B6 and its effect on depression and anxiety or examine how B6 supplementation used in conjunction with cognitive behavioral therapy and/or anti-depressants affect symptoms," Reed added.
Amy Sapola, PharmD, an accredited wellness coach who holds an undergraduate degree in nutrition She is cautious about making any conclusion from this study due to the low number of participants as well as an unreported error in the form of not having enough data, meaning the final sample size was in fact smaller.
Dr. Sapola told Healthline she would prefer the baseline tests to determine whether participants had B12 or B6 deficiencies prior to taking the supplements.
The possible causes of vitamin B deficiency
Sapola said that the participants were made up of 80% young females and 20% of them were young males.
She added that it raises the issue of how people might be lacking in B12 or vitamin B6.
Sapola has stated that oral contraceptives can reduce the amount of vitamins like B6, riboflavin and folic acid. They also deplete vitamin C, as well as minerals like selenium, magnesium, and zinc.
The risk of becoming vitamin deficient, as Sapola says because of:
inadequate dietary intake (vegan/vegetarian diets)
Inadequate absorbance (from IBS, Crohn's, celiac or ulcerative colitis)
alcohol consumption
How can I get more vitamin B6?
Sapola states that food is usually the most effective medicine since it is a synergistic mix of minerals, vitamins, phytonutrients and fiber.
"By focusing on only one nutrient at a time we are likely missing the symphony that is going on and only focusing on one instrument," she explained.
Vitamin B6 is a vitamin that plants can produce Sapola suggests that sources of vitamin B6 Sapola Included are:
Chickpeas
potatoes
sweet potatoes
winter squash
spinach
banana
nuts
sunflower seeds
raisins
onions
watermelon
Reed states that breakfast cereals fortified with vitamin B6 (fortified with more than 25 percent more than the RDA) are excellent sources of vitamin B6.
The sources for meat, says Sapola are salmon, beef, chicken tuna, turkey, and salmon.
What are the effects of supplements?
Sapola suggested that diet supplements are best handled by a specialist who will order lab tests to find out where your current levels of nutrient intake are and which dosage and formulation is the most suitable for your goals for health.
"When choosing supplements, I like to check the ingredients that are not active to ensure that the supplement doesn't include unnecessary fillers, artificial colors, or potential allergens (ex. gluten, soy, dairy, corn, etc. )," Sapola added.
"Once the root cause(s) of why the deficiency has occurred has been identified and addressed it may be possible to stop the supplement and maintain healthy levels with 'food as medicine,'" she said.
The article was written by Michelle Pugle on July 18 2022. The information was verified by Maria Gifford
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Nutritional needs must change through women's lives.
Women between 15 to 49 have greater demands for iron due to menstrual cycles, while women 50 and older require less iron, but more of specific nutrients, such as calcium and vitamin B6 (1Trusted Source 3Trusted Source, 2Trusted Source, 3Trusted Source).
Additionally, women over 50 are more at chance of having deficiencies in specific nutrients, like vitamin B12 and D (4Trusted Source).
Furthermore, many elderly people are unable in absorbing B12 from food decreases due to less stomach acid secretion which increases the chance of developing extreme vitamin B12 deficiency. So, those who are over 50 should supplement their diet with vitamin B12 (5Trusted Source).
While it is possible to meet all your nutritional requirements through food choices, it's difficult for women who are over 50 to get all of their essential nutrients from food.
A quick review of the most effective multivitamins designed for women who are over 50 years old.
Best multivitamin that is vegan for women who are over 50 years old Ritual Essential for Women 50+ Multivitamin
Best multivitamin to fill nutritional gaps common to all Care/of Multivitamin The Foundation
The most personalized multivitamin supplement for women over 50 Persona Multivitamin Foundational
The best multivitamin for women who are 55 or over MegaFood Multi for women 55+
Women who are older than 50 years old: SmartyPants Master Complete Gummy for Women 50+
Women who are who are over the age of 50. Thorne Multi for Women 50+
The best multivitamin for women who are over 40 Gardens of Life mykind Organics Women's 40+
The best multi-compound multivitamin is Pure Encapsulations Longevity Nutrition
The best multivitamin that contains antioxidants: Seeking Health's Optimal Multivitamin
Best multivitamin supplement with trimethylglycine: Designs to Health Complete Multi
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